Accessed Nov. Ciacci C, et al. The gluten-free diet and its current application in coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. United European Gastroenterology. Freeman AM, et al. Trending cardiovascular nutrition controversies. Journal of the Americal College of Cardiology. Newberry C, et al. Going gluten free: The history and nutritional implications of today's most popular diet. Current Gastroenterology Reports. Gluten-free diet.
Nutrition Care Manual. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Ehteshami M, et al. The effect of gluten free diet on components of metabolic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. Fry L, et al. An investigation into the nutritional composition and cost of gluten-free versus regular food products in the UK. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. Leonard MM, et al. Celiac disease and nonceliac gluten sensitivity: A review.
Mitoma H, et al. Immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias: From bench to bedside. Zis P, et al. Treatment of neurological manifestations of gluten sensitivity and coeliac disease. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. Celiac disease healthy eating tips. Celiac disease nutrition therapy. Celiac disease label reading tips. Feeling tired is a common occurrence among people with autoimmune disorders, including celiac disease 6.
Several factors are thought to contribute to fatigue in individuals with celiac disease, including 6 :. This can cause several serious side effects, including decreased energy levels and fatigue 8. A blistering skin condition called dermatitis herpetiformis is one manifestation of celiac disease 9. Although everyone who has celiac disease is sensitive to gluten, some people with the condition do not experience digestive symptoms that indicate celiac disease Furthermore, several other skin conditions have shown improvement while on a gluten-free diet.
These include:. The symptoms, which often involve feelings of hopelessness and sadness, can have a major effect on daily life People with digestive issues seem to be more prone to both anxiety and depression than individuals without any underlying conditions Depression and anxiety are especially common among people who have celiac disease 18 , 19 , An unexpected weight change is often a cause for concern.
Although it can stem from various reasons, unexplained weight loss is a common side effect of undiagnosed celiac disease In one older study in celiac disease patients, two-thirds had lost weight in the 6 months leading up to their diagnosis The weight loss may be explained by a variety of digestive symptoms coupled with poor nutrient absorption.
Iron deficiency causes symptoms such as 27 :. In celiac disease, nutrient absorption in the small intestine is impaired. This results in a reduced amount of iron being absorbed from food 7. Iron deficiency anemia may be among the first symptoms of celiac disease that a healthcare professional notices 7.
Recent studies suggest that iron deficiency may be significant in both children and adults with celiac disease 28 , Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease that causes your immune system to attack your digestive tract after you consume gluten 2. Having this autoimmune condition makes you more prone to other autoimmune condition, such as autoimmune thyroid disease 30 , And autoimmune thyroid disorders may be a risk factor for developing emotional and depressive disorders 32 , 33 , This makes celiac disease more common in people who have other autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, autoimmune liver diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease So, they may have a lower threshold to activate sensory neurons that cause pain in muscles and joints 21 , Another surprising symptom of gluten intolerance is neuropathy, which involves numbness or tingling in the arms and legs.
If you have coeliac disease, you must stop eating all sources of gluten for life. Your symptoms will return if you eat foods containing gluten, and it will cause long-term damage to your health.
This may sound difficult to do, but a GP can give you help and advice about ways to manage your diet. Your symptoms should improve considerably within weeks of starting a gluten-free diet. However, it may take up to 2 years for your digestive system to heal completely.
A GP will offer you an annual review during which your height and weight will be measured and your symptoms reviewed. They'll also ask you about your diet and assess whether you need any further help or specialist nutritional advice. When you're first diagnosed with coeliac disease, you'll be referred to a dietitian to help you adjust to your new diet without gluten.
They can also ensure your diet is balanced and contains all the nutrients you need. If you have coeliac disease, you'll no longer be able to eat foods that contain any barley, rye or wheat, including farina, semolina, durum, cous cous and spelt. Even if you only eat a small amount of gluten, such as a spoonful of pasta, you may have very unpleasant intestinal symptoms. If you keep eating gluten regularly, you'll also be at greater risk of developing complications, such as osteoporosis and some types of cancer in later life.
Find out more about the complications of coeliac disease. Gluten is not essential in your diet and it can be replaced by other foods.
There are many gluten-free versions of common foods such as pasta, pizza bases and bread available in supermarkets and health food shops. Some GPs may provide bread and bread mixes on prescription.
Many foods, such as meat, vegetables, cheese, potatoes and rice, are naturally free from gluten so you can still include them in your diet. A dietitian can help you identify which foods are safe to eat and which are not.
It is also possible for other symptoms to occur with gluten intolerance, although they are less common. It is essential to ensure first that a more severe condition, such as celiac disease or a wheat allergy, is not present if gluten intolerance is suspected. Taking a blood sample, which is then analyzed to detect the presence of antibodies that could indicate celiac disease or a wheat allergy, can often do this. In some cases, other tests may also be necessary.
Once a doctor has ruled out a more serious condition, it can still be difficult for them to confirm whether gluten intolerance is present, as there are no tests for this.
The most common method people use to determine if gluten intolerance is present is to reduce or remove gluten from a diet and monitor changes in symptoms. It can help for a person to keep a food diary to record what foods they are consuming and what symptoms they are having. Foods that contain gluten include wheat, rye, and pasta, among others.
People who have a gluten intolerance try to avoid any food with gluten in it, which includes any food that contains:.
This policy of elimination rules out many different types of foods and drinks. The most common foods and drinks containing gluten include:. It is vital for people to be aware that celiac disease only affects around 1 percent of the population.
Similarly, some estimates put the prevalence of gluten intolerance at between 0. These conditions are uncommon, but the symptoms associated with them are widespread and they have many potential causes. This means that it can be easy to misidentify gluten intolerance. The problem is worsened by dieting trends that suggest consuming gluten has adverse health implications. There is little research to suggest that excluding gluten from a diet will have any health benefits for people who do not have a medical condition, such as celiac disease or a wheat allergy.
Even for those people who are identified as having gluten intolerance it is unclear how much benefit they receive from following a gluten-free diet. While people with celiac disease must exclude gluten from their diet as soon as a doctor has diagnosed the condition, many people with gluten intolerance slowly reduce the consumption of gluten, rather than cutting it out straightaway.
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